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fix(html): Parse text in div elements as TextItem (#1041)

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feat(html): Parse text in div elements as TextItem

Signed-off-by: Cesar Berrospi Ramis <75900930+ceberam@users.noreply.github.com>
This commit is contained in:
Cesar Berrospi Ramis 2025-02-24 12:38:29 +01:00 committed by GitHub
parent 1d17e7397a
commit 1b0ead6907
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GPG Key ID: B5690EEEBB952194
8 changed files with 2291 additions and 1804 deletions
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45
docling/backend/html_backend.py
View File

@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
import logging import logging
from io import BytesIO from io import BytesIO
from pathlib import Path from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional, Union, cast from typing import Final, Optional, Union, cast
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup, NavigableString, PageElement, Tag from bs4 import BeautifulSoup, NavigableString, PageElement, Tag
from bs4.element import PreformattedString
from docling_core.types.doc import ( from docling_core.types.doc import (
DocItem, DocItem,
DocItemLabel, DocItemLabel,
@ -22,12 +23,29 @@ from docling.datamodel.document import InputDocument
_log = logging.getLogger(__name__) _log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# tags that generate NodeItem elements
TAGS_FOR_NODE_ITEMS: Final = [
"h1",
"h2",
"h3",
"h4",
"h5",
"h6",
"p",
"pre",
"ul",
"ol",
"li",
"table",
"figure",
"img",
]
class HTMLDocumentBackend(DeclarativeDocumentBackend): class HTMLDocumentBackend(DeclarativeDocumentBackend):
@override @override
def __init__(self, in_doc: "InputDocument", path_or_stream: Union[BytesIO, Path]): def __init__(self, in_doc: "InputDocument", path_or_stream: Union[BytesIO, Path]):
super().__init__(in_doc, path_or_stream) super().__init__(in_doc, path_or_stream)
_log.debug("About to init HTML backend...")
self.soup: Optional[Tag] = None self.soup: Optional[Tag] = None
# HTML file: # HTML file:
self.path_or_stream = path_or_stream self.path_or_stream = path_or_stream
@ -88,6 +106,7 @@ class HTMLDocumentBackend(DeclarativeDocumentBackend):
assert self.soup is not None assert self.soup is not None
content = self.soup.body or self.soup content = self.soup.body or self.soup
# Replace <br> tags with newline characters # Replace <br> tags with newline characters
# TODO: remove style to avoid losing text from tags like i, b, span, ...
for br in content("br"): for br in content("br"):
br.replace_with(NavigableString("\n")) br.replace_with(NavigableString("\n"))
self.walk(content, doc) self.walk(content, doc)
@ -99,6 +118,7 @@ class HTMLDocumentBackend(DeclarativeDocumentBackend):
def walk(self, tag: Tag, doc: DoclingDocument) -> None: def walk(self, tag: Tag, doc: DoclingDocument) -> None:
# Iterate over elements in the body of the document # Iterate over elements in the body of the document
text: str = ""
for element in tag.children: for element in tag.children:
if isinstance(element, Tag): if isinstance(element, Tag):
try: try:
@ -108,6 +128,25 @@ class HTMLDocumentBackend(DeclarativeDocumentBackend):
f"Error processing child from tag{tag.name}: {exc_child}" f"Error processing child from tag{tag.name}: {exc_child}"
) )
raise exc_child raise exc_child
elif isinstance(element, NavigableString) and not isinstance(
element, PreformattedString
):
# Floating text outside paragraphs or analyzed tags
text += element
siblings: list[Tag] = [
item for item in element.next_siblings if isinstance(item, Tag)
]
if element.next_sibling is None or any(
[item.name in TAGS_FOR_NODE_ITEMS for item in siblings]
):
text = text.strip()
if text and tag.name in ["div"]:
doc.add_text(
parent=self.parents[self.level],
label=DocItemLabel.PARAGRAPH,
text=text,
)
text = ""
return return
@ -158,7 +197,7 @@ class HTMLDocumentBackend(DeclarativeDocumentBackend):
text = element.text.strip() text = element.text.strip()
if hlevel == 1: if hlevel == 1:
for key, val in self.parents.items(): for key in self.parents.keys():
self.parents[key] = None self.parents[key] = None
self.level = 1 self.level = 1

7
tests/data/groundtruth/docling_v2/example_06.html.itxt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
item-0 at level 0: unspecified: group _root_
item-1 at level 1: paragraph: This is a div with text.
item-2 at level 1: paragraph: This is another div with text.
item-3 at level 1: paragraph: This is a regular paragraph.
item-4 at level 1: paragraph: This is a third div
with a new line.
item-5 at level 1: paragraph: This is a fourth div with a bold paragraph.

108
tests/data/groundtruth/docling_v2/example_06.html.json Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
{
"schema_name": "DoclingDocument",
"version": "1.1.0",
"name": "example_06",
"origin": {
"mimetype": "text/html",
"binary_hash": 14574683870626799530,
"filename": "example_06.html"
},
"furniture": {
"self_ref": "#/furniture",
"children": [],
"content_layer": "furniture",
"name": "_root_",
"label": "unspecified"
},
"body": {
"self_ref": "#/body",
"children": [
{
"$ref": "#/texts/0"
},
{
"$ref": "#/texts/1"
},
{
"$ref": "#/texts/2"
},
{
"$ref": "#/texts/3"
},
{
"$ref": "#/texts/4"
}
],
"content_layer": "body",
"name": "_root_",
"label": "unspecified"
},
"groups": [],
"texts": [
{
"self_ref": "#/texts/0",
"parent": {
"$ref": "#/body"
},
"children": [],
"content_layer": "body",
"label": "paragraph",
"prov": [],
"orig": "This is a div with text.",
"text": "This is a div with text."
},
{
"self_ref": "#/texts/1",
"parent": {
"$ref": "#/body"
},
"children": [],
"content_layer": "body",
"label": "paragraph",
"prov": [],
"orig": "This is another div with text.",
"text": "This is another div with text."
},
{
"self_ref": "#/texts/2",
"parent": {
"$ref": "#/body"
},
"children": [],
"content_layer": "body",
"label": "paragraph",
"prov": [],
"orig": "This is a regular paragraph.",
"text": "This is a regular paragraph."
},
{
"self_ref": "#/texts/3",
"parent": {
"$ref": "#/body"
},
"children": [],
"content_layer": "body",
"label": "paragraph",
"prov": [],
"orig": "This is a third div\nwith a new line.",
"text": "This is a third div\nwith a new line."
},
{
"self_ref": "#/texts/4",
"parent": {
"$ref": "#/body"
},
"children": [],
"content_layer": "body",
"label": "paragraph",
"prov": [],
"orig": "This is a fourth div with a bold paragraph.",
"text": "This is a fourth div with a bold paragraph."
}
],
"pictures": [],
"tables": [],
"key_value_items": [],
"form_items": [],
"pages": {}
}

10
tests/data/groundtruth/docling_v2/example_06.html.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
This is a div with text.
This is another div with text.
This is a regular paragraph.
This is a third div
with a new line.
This is a fourth div with a bold paragraph.

919
tests/data/groundtruth/docling_v2/wiki_duck.html.itxt
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@ -1,474 +1,491 @@
item-0 at level 0: unspecified: group _root_ item-0 at level 0: unspecified: group _root_
item-1 at level 1: list: group list item-1 at level 1: paragraph: Main menu
item-2 at level 2: list_item: Main page item-2 at level 1: paragraph: Navigation
item-3 at level 2: list_item: Contents item-3 at level 1: list: group list
item-4 at level 2: list_item: Current events item-4 at level 2: list_item: Main page
item-5 at level 2: list_item: Random article item-5 at level 2: list_item: Contents
item-6 at level 2: list_item: About Wikipedia item-6 at level 2: list_item: Current events
item-7 at level 2: list_item: Contact us item-7 at level 2: list_item: Random article
item-8 at level 1: list: group list item-8 at level 2: list_item: About Wikipedia
item-9 at level 2: list_item: Help item-9 at level 2: list_item: Contact us
item-10 at level 2: list_item: Learn to edit item-10 at level 1: paragraph: Contribute
item-11 at level 2: list_item: Community portal item-11 at level 1: list: group list
item-12 at level 2: list_item: Recent changes item-12 at level 2: list_item: Help
item-13 at level 2: list_item: Upload file item-13 at level 2: list_item: Learn to edit
item-14 at level 1: picture item-14 at level 2: list_item: Community portal
item-15 at level 1: picture item-15 at level 2: list_item: Recent changes
item-16 at level 1: picture item-16 at level 2: list_item: Upload file
item-17 at level 1: list: group list item-17 at level 1: picture
item-18 at level 1: list: group list item-18 at level 1: picture
item-19 at level 2: list_item: Donate item-19 at level 1: picture
item-20 at level 1: list: group list item-20 at level 1: list: group list
item-21 at level 1: list: group list item-21 at level 1: list: group list
item-22 at level 2: list_item: Create account item-22 at level 2: list_item: Donate
item-23 at level 2: list_item: Log in item-23 at level 1: list: group list
item-24 at level 1: list: group list item-24 at level 1: list: group list
item-25 at level 2: list_item: Create account item-25 at level 2: list_item: Create account
item-26 at level 2: list_item: Log in item-26 at level 2: list_item: Log in
item-27 at level 1: list: group list item-27 at level 1: list: group list
item-28 at level 2: list_item: Contributions item-28 at level 2: list_item: Create account
item-29 at level 2: list_item: Talk item-29 at level 2: list_item: Log in
item-30 at level 1: section: group header-1 item-30 at level 1: paragraph: Pages for logged out editors
item-31 at level 2: section_header: Contents item-31 at level 1: list: group list
item-32 at level 3: list: group list item-32 at level 2: list_item: Contributions
item-33 at level 4: list_item: (Top) item-33 at level 2: list_item: Talk
item-34 at level 4: list_item: 1 Etymology item-34 at level 1: section: group header-1
item-35 at level 5: list: group list item-35 at level 2: section_header: Contents
item-36 at level 4: list_item: 2 Taxonomy item-36 at level 3: list: group list
item-37 at level 5: list: group list item-37 at level 4: list_item: (Top)
item-38 at level 4: list_item: 3 Morphology item-38 at level 4: list_item: 1 Etymology
item-39 at level 5: list: group list item-39 at level 5: list: group list
item-40 at level 4: list_item: 4 Distribution and habitat item-40 at level 4: list_item: 2 Taxonomy
item-41 at level 5: list: group list item-41 at level 5: list: group list
item-42 at level 4: list_item: 5 Behaviour Toggle Behaviour subsection item-42 at level 4: list_item: 3 Morphology
item-43 at level 5: list: group list item-43 at level 5: list: group list
item-44 at level 6: list_item: 5.1 Feeding item-44 at level 4: list_item: 4 Distribution and habitat
item-45 at level 7: list: group list item-45 at level 5: list: group list
item-46 at level 6: list_item: 5.2 Breeding item-46 at level 4: list_item: 5 Behaviour Toggle Behaviour subsection
item-47 at level 7: list: group list item-47 at level 5: list: group list
item-48 at level 6: list_item: 5.3 Communication item-48 at level 6: list_item: 5.1 Feeding
item-49 at level 7: list: group list item-49 at level 7: list: group list
item-50 at level 6: list_item: 5.4 Predators item-50 at level 6: list_item: 5.2 Breeding
item-51 at level 7: list: group list item-51 at level 7: list: group list
item-52 at level 4: list_item: 6 Relationship with humans Toggle Relationship with humans subsection item-52 at level 6: list_item: 5.3 Communication
item-53 at level 5: list: group list item-53 at level 7: list: group list
item-54 at level 6: list_item: 6.1 Hunting item-54 at level 6: list_item: 5.4 Predators
item-55 at level 7: list: group list item-55 at level 7: list: group list
item-56 at level 6: list_item: 6.2 Domestication item-56 at level 4: list_item: 6 Relationship with humans Toggle Relationship with humans subsection
item-57 at level 7: list: group list item-57 at level 5: list: group list
item-58 at level 6: list_item: 6.3 Heraldry item-58 at level 6: list_item: 6.1 Hunting
item-59 at level 7: list: group list item-59 at level 7: list: group list
item-60 at level 6: list_item: 6.4 Cultural references item-60 at level 6: list_item: 6.2 Domestication
item-61 at level 7: list: group list item-61 at level 7: list: group list
item-62 at level 4: list_item: 7 See also item-62 at level 6: list_item: 6.3 Heraldry
item-63 at level 5: list: group list item-63 at level 7: list: group list
item-64 at level 4: list_item: 8 Notes Toggle Notes subsection item-64 at level 6: list_item: 6.4 Cultural references
item-65 at level 5: list: group list item-65 at level 7: list: group list
item-66 at level 6: list_item: 8.1 Citations item-66 at level 4: list_item: 7 See also
item-67 at level 7: list: group list item-67 at level 5: list: group list
item-68 at level 6: list_item: 8.2 Sources item-68 at level 4: list_item: 8 Notes Toggle Notes subsection
item-69 at level 7: list: group list item-69 at level 5: list: group list
item-70 at level 4: list_item: 9 External links item-70 at level 6: list_item: 8.1 Citations
item-71 at level 5: list: group list item-71 at level 7: list: group list
item-72 at level 1: title: Duck item-72 at level 6: list_item: 8.2 Sources
item-73 at level 2: list: group list item-73 at level 7: list: group list
item-74 at level 3: list_item: Acèh item-74 at level 4: list_item: 9 External links
item-75 at level 3: list_item: Afrikaans item-75 at level 5: list: group list
item-76 at level 3: list_item: Alemannisch item-76 at level 1: title: Duck
item-77 at level 3: list_item: አማርኛ item-77 at level 2: list: group list
item-78 at level 3: list_item: Ænglisc item-78 at level 3: list_item: Acèh
item-79 at level 3: list_item: العربية item-79 at level 3: list_item: Afrikaans
item-80 at level 3: list_item: Aragonés item-80 at level 3: list_item: Alemannisch
item-81 at level 3: list_item: ܐܪܡܝܐ item-81 at level 3: list_item: አማርኛ
item-82 at level 3: list_item: Armãneashti item-82 at level 3: list_item: Ænglisc
item-83 at level 3: list_item: Asturianu item-83 at level 3: list_item: العربية
item-84 at level 3: list_item: Atikamekw item-84 at level 3: list_item: Aragonés
item-85 at level 3: list_item: Авар item-85 at level 3: list_item: ܐܪܡܝܐ
item-86 at level 3: list_item: Aymar aru item-86 at level 3: list_item: Armãneashti
item-87 at level 3: list_item: تۆرکجه item-87 at level 3: list_item: Asturianu
item-88 at level 3: list_item: Basa Bali item-88 at level 3: list_item: Atikamekw
item-89 at level 3: list_item: বাংলা item-89 at level 3: list_item: Авар
item-90 at level 3: list_item: 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú item-90 at level 3: list_item: Aymar aru
item-91 at level 3: list_item: Беларуская item-91 at level 3: list_item: تۆرکجه
item-92 at level 3: list_item: Беларуская (тарашкевіца) item-92 at level 3: list_item: Basa Bali
item-93 at level 3: list_item: Bikol Central item-93 at level 3: list_item: বাংলা
item-94 at level 3: list_item: Български item-94 at level 3: list_item: 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú
item-95 at level 3: list_item: Brezhoneg item-95 at level 3: list_item: Беларуская
item-96 at level 3: list_item: Буряад item-96 at level 3: list_item: Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
item-97 at level 3: list_item: Català item-97 at level 3: list_item: Bikol Central
item-98 at level 3: list_item: Чӑвашла item-98 at level 3: list_item: Български
item-99 at level 3: list_item: Čeština item-99 at level 3: list_item: Brezhoneg
item-100 at level 3: list_item: ChiShona item-100 at level 3: list_item: Буряад
item-101 at level 3: list_item: Cymraeg item-101 at level 3: list_item: Català
item-102 at level 3: list_item: Dagbanli item-102 at level 3: list_item: Чӑвашла
item-103 at level 3: list_item: Dansk item-103 at level 3: list_item: Čeština
item-104 at level 3: list_item: Deitsch item-104 at level 3: list_item: ChiShona
item-105 at level 3: list_item: Deutsch item-105 at level 3: list_item: Cymraeg
item-106 at level 3: list_item: डोटेली item-106 at level 3: list_item: Dagbanli
item-107 at level 3: list_item: Ελληνικά item-107 at level 3: list_item: Dansk
item-108 at level 3: list_item: Emiliàn e rumagnòl item-108 at level 3: list_item: Deitsch
item-109 at level 3: list_item: Español item-109 at level 3: list_item: Deutsch
item-110 at level 3: list_item: Esperanto item-110 at level 3: list_item: डोटेली
item-111 at level 3: list_item: Euskara item-111 at level 3: list_item: Ελληνικά
item-112 at level 3: list_item: فارسی item-112 at level 3: list_item: Emiliàn e rumagnòl
item-113 at level 3: list_item: Français item-113 at level 3: list_item: Español
item-114 at level 3: list_item: Gaeilge item-114 at level 3: list_item: Esperanto
item-115 at level 3: list_item: Galego item-115 at level 3: list_item: Euskara
item-116 at level 3: list_item: ГӀалгӀай item-116 at level 3: list_item: فارسی
item-117 at level 3: list_item: 贛語 item-117 at level 3: list_item: Français
item-118 at level 3: list_item: گیلکی item-118 at level 3: list_item: Gaeilge
item-119 at level 3: list_item: 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 item-119 at level 3: list_item: Galego
item-120 at level 3: list_item: गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni item-120 at level 3: list_item: ГӀалгӀай
item-121 at level 3: list_item: 客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî item-121 at level 3: list_item: 贛語
item-122 at level 3: list_item: 한국어 item-122 at level 3: list_item: گیلکی
item-123 at level 3: list_item: Hausa item-123 at level 3: list_item: 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺
item-124 at level 3: list_item: Հայերեն item-124 at level 3: list_item: गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni
item-125 at level 3: list_item: हिन्दी item-125 at level 3: list_item: 客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî
item-126 at level 3: list_item: Hrvatski item-126 at level 3: list_item: 한국어
item-127 at level 3: list_item: Ido item-127 at level 3: list_item: Hausa
item-128 at level 3: list_item: Bahasa Indonesia item-128 at level 3: list_item: Հայերեն
item-129 at level 3: list_item: Iñupiatun item-129 at level 3: list_item: हिन्दी
item-130 at level 3: list_item: Íslenska item-130 at level 3: list_item: Hrvatski
item-131 at level 3: list_item: Italiano item-131 at level 3: list_item: Ido
item-132 at level 3: list_item: עברית item-132 at level 3: list_item: Bahasa Indonesia
item-133 at level 3: list_item: Jawa item-133 at level 3: list_item: Iñupiatun
item-134 at level 3: list_item: ಕನ್ನಡ item-134 at level 3: list_item: Íslenska
item-135 at level 3: list_item: Kapampangan item-135 at level 3: list_item: Italiano
item-136 at level 3: list_item: ქართული item-136 at level 3: list_item: עברית
item-137 at level 3: list_item: कॉशुर / کٲشُر item-137 at level 3: list_item: Jawa
item-138 at level 3: list_item: Қазақша item-138 at level 3: list_item: ಕನ್ನಡ
item-139 at level 3: list_item: Ikirundi item-139 at level 3: list_item: Kapampangan
item-140 at level 3: list_item: Kongo item-140 at level 3: list_item: ქართული
item-141 at level 3: list_item: Kreyòl ayisyen item-141 at level 3: list_item: कॉशुर / کٲشُر
item-142 at level 3: list_item: Кырык мары item-142 at level 3: list_item: Қазақша
item-143 at level 3: list_item: ລາວ item-143 at level 3: list_item: Ikirundi
item-144 at level 3: list_item: Latina item-144 at level 3: list_item: Kongo
item-145 at level 3: list_item: Latviešu item-145 at level 3: list_item: Kreyòl ayisyen
item-146 at level 3: list_item: Lietuvių item-146 at level 3: list_item: Кырык мары
item-147 at level 3: list_item: Li Niha item-147 at level 3: list_item: ລາວ
item-148 at level 3: list_item: Ligure item-148 at level 3: list_item: Latina
item-149 at level 3: list_item: Limburgs item-149 at level 3: list_item: Latviešu
item-150 at level 3: list_item: Lingála item-150 at level 3: list_item: Lietuvių
item-151 at level 3: list_item: Malagasy item-151 at level 3: list_item: Li Niha
item-152 at level 3: list_item: മലയാളം item-152 at level 3: list_item: Ligure
item-153 at level 3: list_item: मराठी item-153 at level 3: list_item: Limburgs
item-154 at level 3: list_item: مازِرونی item-154 at level 3: list_item: Lingála
item-155 at level 3: list_item: Bahasa Melayu item-155 at level 3: list_item: Malagasy
item-156 at level 3: list_item: ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ item-156 at level 3: list_item: മലയാളം
item-157 at level 3: list_item: 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ item-157 at level 3: list_item: मराठी
item-158 at level 3: list_item: Мокшень item-158 at level 3: list_item: مازِرونی
item-159 at level 3: list_item: Монгол item-159 at level 3: list_item: Bahasa Melayu
item-160 at level 3: list_item: မြန်မာဘာသာ item-160 at level 3: list_item: ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ
item-161 at level 3: list_item: Nederlands item-161 at level 3: list_item: 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄
item-162 at level 3: list_item: Nedersaksies item-162 at level 3: list_item: Мокшень
item-163 at level 3: list_item: नेपाली item-163 at level 3: list_item: Монгол
item-164 at level 3: list_item: नेपाल भाषा item-164 at level 3: list_item: မြန်မာဘာသာ
item-165 at level 3: list_item: 日本語 item-165 at level 3: list_item: Nederlands
item-166 at level 3: list_item: Нохчийн item-166 at level 3: list_item: Nedersaksies
item-167 at level 3: list_item: Norsk nynorsk item-167 at level 3: list_item: नेपाली
item-168 at level 3: list_item: Occitan item-168 at level 3: list_item: नेपाल भाषा
item-169 at level 3: list_item: Oromoo item-169 at level 3: list_item: 日本語
item-170 at level 3: list_item: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ item-170 at level 3: list_item: Нохчийн
item-171 at level 3: list_item: Picard item-171 at level 3: list_item: Norsk nynorsk
item-172 at level 3: list_item: Plattdüütsch item-172 at level 3: list_item: Occitan
item-173 at level 3: list_item: Polski item-173 at level 3: list_item: Oromoo
item-174 at level 3: list_item: Português item-174 at level 3: list_item: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
item-175 at level 3: list_item: Qırımtatarca item-175 at level 3: list_item: Picard
item-176 at level 3: list_item: Română item-176 at level 3: list_item: Plattdüütsch
item-177 at level 3: list_item: Русский item-177 at level 3: list_item: Polski
item-178 at level 3: list_item: Саха тыла item-178 at level 3: list_item: Português
item-179 at level 3: list_item: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ item-179 at level 3: list_item: Qırımtatarca
item-180 at level 3: list_item: Sardu item-180 at level 3: list_item: Română
item-181 at level 3: list_item: Scots item-181 at level 3: list_item: Русский
item-182 at level 3: list_item: Seeltersk item-182 at level 3: list_item: Саха тыла
item-183 at level 3: list_item: Shqip item-183 at level 3: list_item: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ
item-184 at level 3: list_item: Sicilianu item-184 at level 3: list_item: Sardu
item-185 at level 3: list_item: සිංහල item-185 at level 3: list_item: Scots
item-186 at level 3: list_item: Simple English item-186 at level 3: list_item: Seeltersk
item-187 at level 3: list_item: سنڌي item-187 at level 3: list_item: Shqip
item-188 at level 3: list_item: کوردی item-188 at level 3: list_item: Sicilianu
item-189 at level 3: list_item: Српски / srpski item-189 at level 3: list_item: සිංහල
item-190 at level 3: list_item: Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски item-190 at level 3: list_item: Simple English
item-191 at level 3: list_item: Sunda item-191 at level 3: list_item: سنڌي
item-192 at level 3: list_item: Svenska item-192 at level 3: list_item: کوردی
item-193 at level 3: list_item: Tagalog item-193 at level 3: list_item: Српски / srpski
item-194 at level 3: list_item: தமிழ் item-194 at level 3: list_item: Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
item-195 at level 3: list_item: Taqbaylit item-195 at level 3: list_item: Sunda
item-196 at level 3: list_item: Татарча / tatarça item-196 at level 3: list_item: Svenska
item-197 at level 3: list_item: ไทย item-197 at level 3: list_item: Tagalog
item-198 at level 3: list_item: Türkçe item-198 at level 3: list_item: தமிழ்
item-199 at level 3: list_item: Українська item-199 at level 3: list_item: Taqbaylit
item-200 at level 3: list_item: ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche item-200 at level 3: list_item: Татарча / tatarça
item-201 at level 3: list_item: Vahcuengh item-201 at level 3: list_item: ไทย
item-202 at level 3: list_item: Tiếng Việt item-202 at level 3: list_item: Türkçe
item-203 at level 3: list_item: Walon item-203 at level 3: list_item: Українська
item-204 at level 3: list_item: 文言 item-204 at level 3: list_item: ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche
item-205 at level 3: list_item: Winaray item-205 at level 3: list_item: Vahcuengh
item-206 at level 3: list_item: 吴语 item-206 at level 3: list_item: Tiếng Việt
item-207 at level 3: list_item: 粵語 item-207 at level 3: list_item: Walon
item-208 at level 3: list_item: Žemaitėška item-208 at level 3: list_item: 文言
item-209 at level 3: list_item: 中文 item-209 at level 3: list_item: Winaray
item-210 at level 2: list: group list item-210 at level 3: list_item: 吴语
item-211 at level 3: list_item: Article item-211 at level 3: list_item: 粵語
item-212 at level 3: list_item: Talk item-212 at level 3: list_item: Žemaitėška
item-213 at level 2: list: group list item-213 at level 3: list_item: 中文
item-214 at level 2: list: group list item-214 at level 2: list: group list
item-215 at level 3: list_item: Read item-215 at level 3: list_item: Article
item-216 at level 3: list_item: View source item-216 at level 3: list_item: Talk
item-217 at level 3: list_item: View history item-217 at level 2: list: group list
item-218 at level 2: list: group list item-218 at level 2: list: group list
item-219 at level 3: list_item: Read item-219 at level 3: list_item: Read
item-220 at level 3: list_item: View source item-220 at level 3: list_item: View source
item-221 at level 3: list_item: View history item-221 at level 3: list_item: View history
item-222 at level 2: list: group list item-222 at level 2: paragraph: Tools
item-223 at level 3: list_item: What links here item-223 at level 2: paragraph: Actions
item-224 at level 3: list_item: Related changes item-224 at level 2: list: group list
item-225 at level 3: list_item: Upload file item-225 at level 3: list_item: Read
item-226 at level 3: list_item: Special pages item-226 at level 3: list_item: View source
item-227 at level 3: list_item: Permanent link item-227 at level 3: list_item: View history
item-228 at level 3: list_item: Page information item-228 at level 2: paragraph: General
item-229 at level 3: list_item: Cite this page item-229 at level 2: list: group list
item-230 at level 3: list_item: Get shortened URL item-230 at level 3: list_item: What links here
item-231 at level 3: list_item: Download QR code item-231 at level 3: list_item: Related changes
item-232 at level 3: list_item: Wikidata item item-232 at level 3: list_item: Upload file
item-233 at level 2: list: group list item-233 at level 3: list_item: Special pages
item-234 at level 3: list_item: Download as PDF item-234 at level 3: list_item: Permanent link
item-235 at level 3: list_item: Printable version item-235 at level 3: list_item: Page information
item-236 at level 2: list: group list item-236 at level 3: list_item: Cite this page
item-237 at level 3: list_item: Wikimedia Commons item-237 at level 3: list_item: Get shortened URL
item-238 at level 3: list_item: Wikiquote item-238 at level 3: list_item: Download QR code
item-239 at level 2: picture item-239 at level 3: list_item: Wikidata item
item-240 at level 2: table with [13x2] item-240 at level 2: paragraph: Print/export
item-241 at level 2: paragraph: Duck is the common name for nume ... und in both fresh water and sea water. item-241 at level 2: list: group list
item-242 at level 2: paragraph: Ducks are sometimes confused wit ... divers, grebes, gallinules and coots. item-242 at level 3: list_item: Download as PDF
item-243 at level 2: section_header: Etymology item-243 at level 3: list_item: Printable version
item-244 at level 3: paragraph: The word duck comes from Old Eng ... h duiken and German tauchen 'to dive'. item-244 at level 2: paragraph: In other projects
item-245 at level 3: picture item-245 at level 2: list: group list
item-245 at level 4: caption: Pacific black duck displaying the characteristic upending "duck" item-246 at level 3: list_item: Wikimedia Commons
item-246 at level 3: paragraph: This word replaced Old English e ... nskrit ātí 'water bird', among others. item-247 at level 3: list_item: Wikiquote
item-247 at level 3: paragraph: A duckling is a young duck in do ... , is sometimes labelled as a duckling. item-248 at level 2: paragraph: Appearance
item-248 at level 3: paragraph: A male is called a drake and the ... a duck, or in ornithology a hen.[3][4] item-249 at level 2: picture
item-249 at level 3: picture item-250 at level 2: paragraph: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
item-249 at level 4: caption: Male mallard. item-251 at level 2: paragraph: Common name for many species of bird
item-250 at level 3: picture item-252 at level 2: paragraph: This article is about the bird. ... as a food, see . For other uses, see .
item-250 at level 4: caption: Wood ducks. item-253 at level 2: paragraph: "Duckling" redirects here. For other uses, see .
item-251 at level 2: section_header: Taxonomy item-254 at level 2: table with [13x2]
item-252 at level 3: paragraph: All ducks belong to the biologic ... ationships between various species.[9] item-255 at level 2: paragraph: Duck is the common name for nume ... und in both fresh water and sea water.
item-253 at level 3: picture item-256 at level 2: paragraph: Ducks are sometimes confused wit ... divers, grebes, gallinules and coots.
item-253 at level 4: caption: Mallard landing in approach item-257 at level 2: section_header: Etymology
item-254 at level 3: paragraph: In most modern classifications, ... all size and stiff, upright tails.[14] item-258 at level 3: paragraph: The word duck comes from Old Eng ... h duiken and German tauchen 'to dive'.
item-255 at level 3: paragraph: A number of other species called ... shelducks in the tribe Tadornini.[15] item-259 at level 3: picture
item-256 at level 2: section_header: Morphology item-259 at level 4: caption: Pacific black duck displaying the characteristic upending "duck"
item-257 at level 3: picture item-260 at level 3: paragraph: This word replaced Old English e ... nskrit ātí 'water bird', among others.
item-257 at level 4: caption: Male Mandarin duck item-261 at level 3: paragraph: A duckling is a young duck in do ... , is sometimes labelled as a duckling.
item-258 at level 3: paragraph: The overall body plan of ducks i ... is moult typically precedes migration. item-262 at level 3: paragraph: A male is called a drake and the ... a duck, or in ornithology a hen.[3][4]
item-259 at level 3: paragraph: The drakes of northern species o ... rkscrew shaped vagina to prevent rape.
item-260 at level 2: section_header: Distribution and habitat
item-261 at level 3: picture
item-261 at level 4: caption: Flying steamer ducks in Ushuaia, Argentina
item-262 at level 3: paragraph: Ducks have a cosmopolitan distri ... endemic to such far-flung islands.[21]
item-263 at level 3: picture item-263 at level 3: picture
item-263 at level 4: caption: Female mallard in Cornwall, England item-263 at level 4: caption: Male mallard.
item-264 at level 3: paragraph: Some duck species, mainly those ... t form after localised heavy rain.[23] item-264 at level 3: picture
item-265 at level 2: section_header: Behaviour item-264 at level 4: caption: Wood ducks.
item-266 at level 3: section_header: Feeding item-265 at level 2: section_header: Taxonomy
item-267 at level 4: picture item-266 at level 3: paragraph: All ducks belong to the biologic ... ationships between various species.[9]
item-267 at level 5: caption: Pecten along the bill item-267 at level 3: picture
item-268 at level 4: picture item-267 at level 4: caption: Mallard landing in approach
item-268 at level 5: caption: Mallard duckling preening item-268 at level 3: paragraph: In most modern classifications, ... all size and stiff, upright tails.[14]
item-269 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks eat food sources such as g ... amphibians, worms, and small molluscs. item-269 at level 3: paragraph: A number of other species called ... shelducks in the tribe Tadornini.[15]
item-270 at level 4: paragraph: Dabbling ducks feed on the surfa ... thers and to hold slippery food items. item-270 at level 2: section_header: Morphology
item-271 at level 4: paragraph: Diving ducks and sea ducks forag ... ave more difficulty taking off to fly. item-271 at level 3: picture
item-272 at level 4: paragraph: A few specialized species such a ... apted to catch and swallow large fish. item-271 at level 4: caption: Male Mandarin duck
item-273 at level 4: paragraph: The others have the characterist ... e nostrils come out through hard horn. item-272 at level 3: paragraph: The overall body plan of ducks i ... is moult typically precedes migration.
item-274 at level 4: paragraph: The Guardian published an articl ... the ducks and pollutes waterways.[25] item-273 at level 3: paragraph: The drakes of northern species o ... rkscrew shaped vagina to prevent rape.
item-275 at level 3: section_header: Breeding item-274 at level 2: section_header: Distribution and habitat
item-276 at level 4: picture item-275 at level 3: picture
item-276 at level 5: caption: A Muscovy duckling item-275 at level 4: caption: Flying steamer ducks in Ushuaia, Argentina
item-277 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks generally only have one pa ... st and led her ducklings to water.[28] item-276 at level 3: paragraph: Ducks have a cosmopolitan distri ... endemic to such far-flung islands.[21]
item-278 at level 3: section_header: Communication item-277 at level 3: picture
item-279 at level 4: paragraph: Female mallard ducks (as well as ... laying calls or quieter contact calls. item-277 at level 4: caption: Female mallard in Cornwall, England
item-280 at level 4: paragraph: A common urban legend claims tha ... annel television show MythBusters.[32] item-278 at level 3: paragraph: Some duck species, mainly those ... t form after localised heavy rain.[23]
item-281 at level 3: section_header: Predators item-279 at level 2: section_header: Behaviour
item-280 at level 3: section_header: Feeding
item-281 at level 4: picture
item-281 at level 5: caption: Pecten along the bill
item-282 at level 4: picture item-282 at level 4: picture
item-282 at level 5: caption: Ringed teal item-282 at level 5: caption: Mallard duckling preening
item-283 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks have many predators. Duckl ... or large birds, such as hawks or owls. item-283 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks eat food sources such as g ... amphibians, worms, and small molluscs.
item-284 at level 4: paragraph: Adult ducks are fast fliers, but ... its speed and strength to catch ducks. item-284 at level 4: paragraph: Dabbling ducks feed on the surfa ... thers and to hold slippery food items.
item-285 at level 2: section_header: Relationship with humans item-285 at level 4: paragraph: Diving ducks and sea ducks forag ... ave more difficulty taking off to fly.
item-286 at level 3: section_header: Hunting item-286 at level 4: paragraph: A few specialized species such a ... apted to catch and swallow large fish.
item-287 at level 4: paragraph: Humans have hunted ducks since p ... evidence of this is uncommon.[35][42] item-287 at level 4: paragraph: The others have the characterist ... e nostrils come out through hard horn.
item-288 at level 4: paragraph: In many areas, wild ducks (inclu ... inated by pollutants such as PCBs.[44] item-288 at level 4: paragraph: The Guardian published an articl ... the ducks and pollutes waterways.[25]
item-289 at level 3: section_header: Domestication item-289 at level 3: section_header: Breeding
item-290 at level 4: picture item-290 at level 4: picture
item-290 at level 5: caption: Indian Runner ducks, a common breed of domestic ducks item-290 at level 5: caption: A Muscovy duckling
item-291 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks have many economic uses, b ... it weighs less than 1 kg (2.2 lb).[48] item-291 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks generally only have one pa ... st and led her ducklings to water.[28]
item-292 at level 3: section_header: Heraldry item-292 at level 3: section_header: Communication
item-293 at level 4: picture item-293 at level 4: paragraph: Female mallard ducks (as well as ... laying calls or quieter contact calls.
item-293 at level 5: caption: Three black-colored ducks in the coat of arms of Maaninka[49] item-294 at level 4: paragraph: A common urban legend claims tha ... annel television show MythBusters.[32]
item-294 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks appear on several coats of ... the coat of arms of Föglö (Åland).[51] item-295 at level 3: section_header: Predators
item-295 at level 3: section_header: Cultural references item-296 at level 4: picture
item-296 at level 4: paragraph: In 2002, psychologist Richard Wi ... 54] and was made into a movie in 1986. item-296 at level 5: caption: Ringed teal
item-297 at level 4: paragraph: The 1992 Disney film The Mighty ... Ducks minor league baseball team.[55] item-297 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks have many predators. Duckl ... or large birds, such as hawks or owls.
item-298 at level 2: section_header: See also item-298 at level 4: paragraph: Adult ducks are fast fliers, but ... its speed and strength to catch ducks.
item-299 at level 3: list: group list item-299 at level 2: section_header: Relationship with humans
item-300 at level 4: list_item: Birds portal item-300 at level 3: section_header: Hunting
item-301 at level 3: list: group list item-301 at level 4: paragraph: Humans have hunted ducks since p ... evidence of this is uncommon.[35][42]
item-302 at level 4: list_item: Domestic duck item-302 at level 4: paragraph: In many areas, wild ducks (inclu ... inated by pollutants such as PCBs.[44]
item-303 at level 4: list_item: Duck as food item-303 at level 3: section_header: Domestication
item-304 at level 4: list_item: Duck test item-304 at level 4: picture
item-305 at level 4: list_item: Duck breeds item-304 at level 5: caption: Indian Runner ducks, a common breed of domestic ducks
item-306 at level 4: list_item: Fictional ducks item-305 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks have many economic uses, b ... it weighs less than 1 kg (2.2 lb).[48]
item-307 at level 4: list_item: Rubber duck item-306 at level 3: section_header: Heraldry
item-308 at level 2: section_header: Notes item-307 at level 4: picture
item-309 at level 3: section_header: Citations item-307 at level 5: caption: Three black-colored ducks in the coat of arms of Maaninka[49]
item-310 at level 4: ordered_list: group ordered list item-308 at level 4: paragraph: Ducks appear on several coats of ... the coat of arms of Föglö (Åland).[51]
item-311 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Duckling". The American Herit ... n Company. 2006. Retrieved 2015-05-22. item-309 at level 3: section_header: Cultural references
item-312 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Duckling". Kernerman English ... Ltd. 2000–2006. Retrieved 2015-05-22. item-310 at level 4: paragraph: In 2002, psychologist Richard Wi ... 54] and was made into a movie in 1986.
item-313 at level 5: list_item: ^ Dohner, Janet Vorwald (2001). ... University Press. ISBN 978-0300138139. item-311 at level 4: paragraph: The 1992 Disney film The Mighty ... Ducks minor league baseball team.[55]
item-314 at level 5: list_item: ^ Visca, Curt; Visca, Kelley (20 ... Publishing Group. ISBN 9780823961566. item-312 at level 2: section_header: See also
item-315 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b c d Carboneras 1992, p. 536. item-313 at level 3: list: group list
item-316 at level 5: list_item: ^ Livezey 1986, pp. 737–738. item-314 at level 4: list_item: Birds portal
item-317 at level 5: list_item: ^ Madsen, McHugh & de Kloet 1988, p. 452. item-315 at level 3: list: group list
item-318 at level 5: list_item: ^ Donne-Goussé, Laudet & Hänni 2002, pp. 353–354. item-316 at level 4: list_item: Domestic duck
item-319 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b c d e f Carboneras 1992, p. 540. item-317 at level 4: list_item: Duck as food
item-320 at level 5: list_item: ^ Elphick, Dunning & Sibley 2001, p. 191. item-318 at level 4: list_item: Duck test
item-321 at level 5: list_item: ^ Kear 2005, p. 448. item-319 at level 4: list_item: Duck breeds
item-322 at level 5: list_item: ^ Kear 2005, p. 622–623. item-320 at level 4: list_item: Fictional ducks
item-323 at level 5: list_item: ^ Kear 2005, p. 686. item-321 at level 4: list_item: Rubber duck
item-324 at level 5: list_item: ^ Elphick, Dunning & Sibley 2001, p. 193. item-322 at level 2: section_header: Notes
item-325 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b c d e f g Carboneras 1992, p. 537. item-323 at level 3: section_header: Citations
item-326 at level 5: list_item: ^ American Ornithologists' Union 1998, p. xix. item-324 at level 4: ordered_list: group ordered list
item-327 at level 5: list_item: ^ American Ornithologists' Union 1998. item-325 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Duckling". The American Herit ... n Company. 2006. Retrieved 2015-05-22.
item-328 at level 5: list_item: ^ Carboneras 1992, p. 538. item-326 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Duckling". Kernerman English ... Ltd. 2000–2006. Retrieved 2015-05-22.
item-329 at level 5: list_item: ^ Christidis & Boles 2008, p. 62. item-327 at level 5: list_item: ^ Dohner, Janet Vorwald (2001). ... University Press. ISBN 978-0300138139.
item-330 at level 5: list_item: ^ Shirihai 2008, pp. 239, 245. item-328 at level 5: list_item: ^ Visca, Curt; Visca, Kelley (20 ... Publishing Group. ISBN 9780823961566.
item-331 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b Pratt, Bruner & Berrett 1987, pp. 98–107. item-329 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b c d Carboneras 1992, p. 536.
item-332 at level 5: list_item: ^ Fitter, Fitter & Hosking 2000, pp. 52–3. item-330 at level 5: list_item: ^ Livezey 1986, pp. 737–738.
item-333 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Pacific Black Duck". www.wiresnr.org. Retrieved 2018-04-27. item-331 at level 5: list_item: ^ Madsen, McHugh & de Kloet 1988, p. 452.
item-334 at level 5: list_item: ^ Ogden, Evans. "Dabbling Ducks". CWE. Retrieved 2006-11-02. item-332 at level 5: list_item: ^ Donne-Goussé, Laudet & Hänni 2002, pp. 353–354.
item-335 at level 5: list_item: ^ Karl Mathiesen (16 March 2015) ... Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2016. item-333 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b c d e f Carboneras 1992, p. 540.
item-336 at level 5: list_item: ^ Rohwer, Frank C.; Anderson, Mi ... 4615-6787-5_4. ISBN 978-1-4615-6789-9. item-334 at level 5: list_item: ^ Elphick, Dunning & Sibley 2001, p. 191.
item-337 at level 5: list_item: ^ Smith, Cyndi M.; Cooke, Fred; ... 093/condor/102.1.201. hdl:10315/13797. item-335 at level 5: list_item: ^ Kear 2005, p. 448.
item-338 at level 5: list_item: ^ "If You Find An Orphaned Duckl ... l on 2018-09-23. Retrieved 2018-12-22. item-336 at level 5: list_item: ^ Kear 2005, p. 622–623.
item-339 at level 5: list_item: ^ Carver, Heather (2011). The Du ...  9780557901562.[self-published source] item-337 at level 5: list_item: ^ Kear 2005, p. 686.
item-340 at level 5: list_item: ^ Titlow, Budd (2013-09-03). Bir ... man & Littlefield. ISBN 9780762797707. item-338 at level 5: list_item: ^ Elphick, Dunning & Sibley 2001, p. 193.
item-341 at level 5: list_item: ^ Amos, Jonathan (2003-09-08). " ... kers". BBC News. Retrieved 2006-11-02. item-339 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b c d e f g Carboneras 1992, p. 537.
item-342 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Mythbusters Episode 8". 12 December 2003. item-340 at level 5: list_item: ^ American Ornithologists' Union 1998, p. xix.
item-343 at level 5: list_item: ^ Erlandson 1994, p. 171. item-341 at level 5: list_item: ^ American Ornithologists' Union 1998.
item-344 at level 5: list_item: ^ Jeffries 2008, pp. 168, 243. item-342 at level 5: list_item: ^ Carboneras 1992, p. 538.
item-345 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b Sued-Badillo 2003, p. 65. item-343 at level 5: list_item: ^ Christidis & Boles 2008, p. 62.
item-346 at level 5: list_item: ^ Thorpe 1996, p. 68. item-344 at level 5: list_item: ^ Shirihai 2008, pp. 239, 245.
item-347 at level 5: list_item: ^ Maisels 1999, p. 42. item-345 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b Pratt, Bruner & Berrett 1987, pp. 98–107.
item-348 at level 5: list_item: ^ Rau 1876, p. 133. item-346 at level 5: list_item: ^ Fitter, Fitter & Hosking 2000, pp. 52–3.
item-349 at level 5: list_item: ^ Higman 2012, p. 23. item-347 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Pacific Black Duck". www.wiresnr.org. Retrieved 2018-04-27.
item-350 at level 5: list_item: ^ Hume 2012, p. 53. item-348 at level 5: list_item: ^ Ogden, Evans. "Dabbling Ducks". CWE. Retrieved 2006-11-02.
item-351 at level 5: list_item: ^ Hume 2012, p. 52. item-349 at level 5: list_item: ^ Karl Mathiesen (16 March 2015) ... Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
item-352 at level 5: list_item: ^ Fieldhouse 2002, p. 167. item-350 at level 5: list_item: ^ Rohwer, Frank C.; Anderson, Mi ... 4615-6787-5_4. ISBN 978-1-4615-6789-9.
item-353 at level 5: list_item: ^ Livingston, A. D. (1998-01-01) ... Editions, Limited. ISBN 9781853263774. item-351 at level 5: list_item: ^ Smith, Cyndi M.; Cooke, Fred; ... 093/condor/102.1.201. hdl:10315/13797.
item-354 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Study plan for waterfowl inju ... on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2 July 2019. item-352 at level 5: list_item: ^ "If You Find An Orphaned Duckl ... l on 2018-09-23. Retrieved 2018-12-22.
item-355 at level 5: list_item: ^ "FAOSTAT". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2019-10-25. item-353 at level 5: list_item: ^ Carver, Heather (2011). The Du ...  9780557901562.[self-published source]
item-356 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Anas platyrhynchos, Domestic ... . Digimorph.org. Retrieved 2012-12-23. item-354 at level 5: list_item: ^ Titlow, Budd (2013-09-03). Bir ... man & Littlefield. ISBN 9780762797707.
item-357 at level 5: list_item: ^ Sy Montgomery. "Mallard; Encyc ... Britannica.com. Retrieved 2012-12-23. item-355 at level 5: list_item: ^ Amos, Jonathan (2003-09-08). " ... kers". BBC News. Retrieved 2006-11-02.
item-358 at level 5: list_item: ^ Glenday, Craig (2014). Guinnes ... ited. pp. 135. ISBN 978-1-908843-15-9. item-356 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Mythbusters Episode 8". 12 December 2003.
item-359 at level 5: list_item: ^ Suomen kunnallisvaakunat (in F ... tto. 1982. p. 147. ISBN 951-773-085-3. item-357 at level 5: list_item: ^ Erlandson 1994, p. 171.
item-360 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Lubānas simbolika" (in Latvian). Retrieved September 9, 2021. item-358 at level 5: list_item: ^ Jeffries 2008, pp. 168, 243.
item-361 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Föglö" (in Swedish). Retrieved September 9, 2021. item-359 at level 5: list_item: ^ a b Sued-Badillo 2003, p. 65.
item-362 at level 5: list_item: ^ Young, Emma. "World's funniest ... w Scientist. Retrieved 7 January 2019. item-360 at level 5: list_item: ^ Thorpe 1996, p. 68.
item-363 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Howard the Duck (character)". Grand Comics Database. item-361 at level 5: list_item: ^ Maisels 1999, p. 42.
item-364 at level 5: list_item: ^ Sanderson, Peter; Gilbert, Lau ... luding this bad-tempered talking duck. item-362 at level 5: list_item: ^ Rau 1876, p. 133.
item-365 at level 5: list_item: ^ "The Duck". University of Oregon Athletics. Retrieved 2022-01-20. item-363 at level 5: list_item: ^ Higman 2012, p. 23.
item-366 at level 3: section_header: Sources item-364 at level 5: list_item: ^ Hume 2012, p. 53.
item-367 at level 4: list: group list item-365 at level 5: list_item: ^ Hume 2012, p. 52.
item-368 at level 5: list_item: American Ornithologists' Union ( ... (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. item-366 at level 5: list_item: ^ Fieldhouse 2002, p. 167.
item-369 at level 5: list_item: Carboneras, Carlos (1992). del H ... Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-84-87334-10-8. item-367 at level 5: list_item: ^ Livingston, A. D. (1998-01-01) ... Editions, Limited. ISBN 9781853263774.
item-370 at level 5: list_item: Christidis, Les; Boles, Walter E ... ro Publishing. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6. item-368 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Study plan for waterfowl inju ... on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
item-371 at level 5: list_item: Donne-Goussé, Carole; Laudet, Vi ... /S1055-7903(02)00019-2. PMID 12099792. item-369 at level 5: list_item: ^ "FAOSTAT". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
item-372 at level 5: list_item: Elphick, Chris; Dunning, John B. ... istopher Helm. ISBN 978-0-7136-6250-4. item-370 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Anas platyrhynchos, Domestic ... . Digimorph.org. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
item-373 at level 5: list_item: Erlandson, Jon M. (1994). Early ... usiness Media. ISBN 978-1-4419-3231-0. item-371 at level 5: list_item: ^ Sy Montgomery. "Mallard; Encyc ... Britannica.com. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
item-374 at level 5: list_item: Fieldhouse, Paul (2002). Food, F ... ara: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-412-4. item-372 at level 5: list_item: ^ Glenday, Craig (2014). Guinnes ... ited. pp. 135. ISBN 978-1-908843-15-9.
item-375 at level 5: list_item: Fitter, Julian; Fitter, Daniel; ... versity Press. ISBN 978-0-691-10295-5. item-373 at level 5: list_item: ^ Suomen kunnallisvaakunat (in F ... tto. 1982. p. 147. ISBN 951-773-085-3.
item-376 at level 5: list_item: Higman, B. W. (2012). How Food M ... Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4051-8947-7. item-374 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Lubānas simbolika" (in Latvian). Retrieved September 9, 2021.
item-377 at level 5: list_item: Hume, Julian H. (2012). Extinct ... istopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4729-3744-5. item-375 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Föglö" (in Swedish). Retrieved September 9, 2021.
item-378 at level 5: list_item: Jeffries, Richard (2008). Holoce ... Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-1658-7. item-376 at level 5: list_item: ^ Young, Emma. "World's funniest ... w Scientist. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
item-379 at level 5: list_item: Kear, Janet, ed. (2005). Ducks, ... versity Press. ISBN 978-0-19-861009-0. item-377 at level 5: list_item: ^ "Howard the Duck (character)". Grand Comics Database.
item-380 at level 5: list_item: Livezey, Bradley C. (October 198 ... (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. item-378 at level 5: list_item: ^ Sanderson, Peter; Gilbert, Lau ... luding this bad-tempered talking duck.
item-381 at level 5: list_item: Madsen, Cort S.; McHugh, Kevin P ... (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. item-379 at level 5: list_item: ^ "The Duck". University of Oregon Athletics. Retrieved 2022-01-20.
item-382 at level 5: list_item: Maisels, Charles Keith (1999). E ... on: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-10975-8. item-380 at level 3: section_header: Sources
item-383 at level 5: list_item: Pratt, H. Douglas; Bruner, Phill ... University Press. ISBN 0-691-02399-9. item-381 at level 4: list: group list
item-384 at level 5: list_item: Rau, Charles (1876). Early Man i ... ork: Harper & Brothers. LCCN 05040168. item-382 at level 5: list_item: American Ornithologists' Union ( ... (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
item-385 at level 5: list_item: Shirihai, Hadoram (2008). A Comp ... versity Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13666-0. item-383 at level 5: list_item: Carboneras, Carlos (1992). del H ... Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-84-87334-10-8.
item-386 at level 5: list_item: Sued-Badillo, Jalil (2003). Auto ... Paris: UNESCO. ISBN 978-92-3-103832-7. item-384 at level 5: list_item: Christidis, Les; Boles, Walter E ... ro Publishing. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.
item-387 at level 5: list_item: Thorpe, I. J. (1996). The Origin ... rk: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-08009-5. item-385 at level 5: list_item: Donne-Goussé, Carole; Laudet, Vi ... /S1055-7903(02)00019-2. PMID 12099792.
item-388 at level 2: section_header: External links item-386 at level 5: list_item: Elphick, Chris; Dunning, John B. ... istopher Helm. ISBN 978-0-7136-6250-4.
item-389 at level 3: list: group list item-387 at level 5: list_item: Erlandson, Jon M. (1994). Early ... usiness Media. ISBN 978-1-4419-3231-0.
item-390 at level 4: list_item: Definitions from Wiktionary item-388 at level 5: list_item: Fieldhouse, Paul (2002). Food, F ... ara: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-412-4.
item-391 at level 4: list_item: Media from Commons item-389 at level 5: list_item: Fitter, Julian; Fitter, Daniel; ... versity Press. ISBN 978-0-691-10295-5.
item-392 at level 4: list_item: Quotations from Wikiquote item-390 at level 5: list_item: Higman, B. W. (2012). How Food M ... Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4051-8947-7.
item-393 at level 4: list_item: Recipes from Wikibooks item-391 at level 5: list_item: Hume, Julian H. (2012). Extinct ... istopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4729-3744-5.
item-394 at level 4: list_item: Taxa from Wikispecies item-392 at level 5: list_item: Jeffries, Richard (2008). Holoce ... Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-1658-7.
item-395 at level 4: list_item: Data from Wikidata item-393 at level 5: list_item: Kear, Janet, ed. (2005). Ducks, ... versity Press. ISBN 978-0-19-861009-0.
item-396 at level 3: list: group list item-394 at level 5: list_item: Livezey, Bradley C. (October 198 ... (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
item-397 at level 4: list_item: list of books (useful looking abstracts) item-395 at level 5: list_item: Madsen, Cort S.; McHugh, Kevin P ... (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
item-398 at level 4: list_item: Ducks on postage stamps Archived 2013-05-13 at the Wayback Machine item-396 at level 5: list_item: Maisels, Charles Keith (1999). E ... on: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-10975-8.
item-399 at level 4: list_item: Ducks at a Distance, by Rob Hine ... uide to identification of US waterfowl item-397 at level 5: list_item: Pratt, H. Douglas; Bruner, Phill ... University Press. ISBN 0-691-02399-9.
item-400 at level 3: table with [3x2] item-398 at level 5: list_item: Rau, Charles (1876). Early Man i ... ork: Harper & Brothers. LCCN 05040168.
item-401 at level 3: picture item-399 at level 5: list_item: Shirihai, Hadoram (2008). A Comp ... versity Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13666-0.
item-402 at level 3: list: group list item-400 at level 5: list_item: Sued-Badillo, Jalil (2003). Auto ... Paris: UNESCO. ISBN 978-92-3-103832-7.
item-403 at level 4: list_item: Ducks item-401 at level 5: list_item: Thorpe, I. J. (1996). The Origin ... rk: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-08009-5.
item-404 at level 4: list_item: Game birds item-402 at level 2: section_header: External links
item-405 at level 4: list_item: Bird common names item-403 at level 3: list: group list
item-406 at level 3: list: group list item-404 at level 4: list_item: Definitions from Wiktionary
item-407 at level 4: list_item: All accuracy disputes item-405 at level 4: list_item: Media from Commons
item-408 at level 4: list_item: Accuracy disputes from February 2020 item-406 at level 4: list_item: Quotations from Wikiquote
item-409 at level 4: list_item: CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi) item-407 at level 4: list_item: Recipes from Wikibooks
item-410 at level 4: list_item: CS1 Latvian-language sources (lv) item-408 at level 4: list_item: Taxa from Wikispecies
item-411 at level 4: list_item: CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv) item-409 at level 4: list_item: Data from Wikidata
item-412 at level 4: list_item: Articles with short description item-410 at level 3: list: group list
item-413 at level 4: list_item: Short description is different from Wikidata item-411 at level 4: list_item: list of books (useful looking abstracts)
item-414 at level 4: list_item: Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages item-412 at level 4: list_item: Ducks on postage stamps Archived 2013-05-13 at the Wayback Machine
item-415 at level 4: list_item: Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages item-413 at level 4: list_item: Ducks at a Distance, by Rob Hine ... uide to identification of US waterfowl
item-416 at level 4: list_item: Articles with 'species' microformats item-414 at level 3: table with [3x2]
item-417 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text item-415 at level 3: picture
item-418 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Dutch-language text item-416 at level 3: paragraph: Retrieved from ""
item-419 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing German-language text item-417 at level 3: paragraph: :
item-420 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Norwegian-language text item-418 at level 3: list: group list
item-421 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Lithuanian-language text item-419 at level 4: list_item: Ducks
item-422 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text item-420 at level 4: list_item: Game birds
item-423 at level 4: list_item: All articles with self-published sources item-421 at level 4: list_item: Bird common names
item-424 at level 4: list_item: Articles with self-published sources from February 2020 item-422 at level 3: paragraph: Hidden categories:
item-425 at level 4: list_item: All articles with unsourced statements item-423 at level 3: list: group list
item-426 at level 4: list_item: Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022 item-424 at level 4: list_item: All accuracy disputes
item-427 at level 4: list_item: CS1: long volume value item-425 at level 4: list_item: Accuracy disputes from February 2020
item-428 at level 4: list_item: Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch item-426 at level 4: list_item: CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)
item-429 at level 4: list_item: Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata item-427 at level 4: list_item: CS1 Latvian-language sources (lv)
item-430 at level 4: list_item: Webarchive template wayback links item-428 at level 4: list_item: CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)
item-431 at level 4: list_item: Articles with Project Gutenberg links item-429 at level 4: list_item: Articles with short description
item-432 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing video clips item-430 at level 4: list_item: Short description is different from Wikidata
item-433 at level 3: list: group list item-431 at level 4: list_item: Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
item-434 at level 4: list_item: This page was last edited on 21 September 2024, at 12:11 (UTC). item-432 at level 4: list_item: Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages
item-435 at level 4: list_item: Text is available under the Crea ... tion, Inc., a non-profit organization. item-433 at level 4: list_item: Articles with 'species' microformats
item-436 at level 3: list: group list item-434 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text
item-437 at level 4: list_item: Privacy policy item-435 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Dutch-language text
item-438 at level 4: list_item: About Wikipedia item-436 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing German-language text
item-439 at level 4: list_item: Disclaimers item-437 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Norwegian-language text
item-440 at level 4: list_item: Contact Wikipedia item-438 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Lithuanian-language text
item-441 at level 4: list_item: Code of Conduct item-439 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text
item-442 at level 4: list_item: Developers item-440 at level 4: list_item: All articles with self-published sources
item-443 at level 4: list_item: Statistics item-441 at level 4: list_item: Articles with self-published sources from February 2020
item-444 at level 4: list_item: Cookie statement item-442 at level 4: list_item: All articles with unsourced statements
item-445 at level 4: list_item: Mobile view item-443 at level 4: list_item: Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022
item-446 at level 3: list: group list item-444 at level 4: list_item: CS1: long volume value
item-447 at level 3: list: group list item-445 at level 4: list_item: Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch
item-448 at level 1: caption: Pacific black duck displaying the characteristic upending "duck" item-446 at level 4: list_item: Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata
item-449 at level 1: caption: Male mallard. item-447 at level 4: list_item: Webarchive template wayback links
item-450 at level 1: caption: Wood ducks. item-448 at level 4: list_item: Articles with Project Gutenberg links
item-451 at level 1: caption: Mallard landing in approach item-449 at level 4: list_item: Articles containing video clips
item-452 at level 1: caption: Male Mandarin duck item-450 at level 3: list: group list
item-453 at level 1: caption: Flying steamer ducks in Ushuaia, Argentina item-451 at level 4: list_item: This page was last edited on 21 September 2024, at 12:11 (UTC).
item-454 at level 1: caption: Female mallard in Cornwall, England item-452 at level 4: list_item: Text is available under the Crea ... tion, Inc., a non-profit organization.
item-455 at level 1: caption: Pecten along the bill item-453 at level 3: list: group list
item-456 at level 1: caption: Mallard duckling preening item-454 at level 4: list_item: Privacy policy
item-457 at level 1: caption: A Muscovy duckling item-455 at level 4: list_item: About Wikipedia
item-458 at level 1: caption: Ringed teal item-456 at level 4: list_item: Disclaimers
item-459 at level 1: caption: Indian Runner ducks, a common breed of domestic ducks item-457 at level 4: list_item: Contact Wikipedia
item-460 at level 1: caption: Three black-colored ducks in the coat of arms of Maaninka[49] item-458 at level 4: list_item: Code of Conduct
item-459 at level 4: list_item: Developers
item-460 at level 4: list_item: Statistics
item-461 at level 4: list_item: Cookie statement
item-462 at level 4: list_item: Mobile view
item-463 at level 3: list: group list
item-464 at level 3: list: group list
item-465 at level 1: caption: Pacific black duck displaying the characteristic upending "duck"
item-466 at level 1: caption: Male mallard.
item-467 at level 1: caption: Wood ducks.
item-468 at level 1: caption: Mallard landing in approach
item-469 at level 1: caption: Male Mandarin duck
item-470 at level 1: caption: Flying steamer ducks in Ushuaia, Argentina
item-471 at level 1: caption: Female mallard in Cornwall, England
item-472 at level 1: caption: Pecten along the bill
item-473 at level 1: caption: Mallard duckling preening
item-474 at level 1: caption: A Muscovy duckling
item-475 at level 1: caption: Ringed teal
item-476 at level 1: caption: Indian Runner ducks, a common breed of domestic ducks
item-477 at level 1: caption: Three black-colored ducks in the coat of arms of Maaninka[49]

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tests/data/groundtruth/docling_v2/wiki_duck.html.json
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tests/data/groundtruth/docling_v2/wiki_duck.html.md
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@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
Main menu
Navigation
- Main page - Main page
- Contents - Contents
- Current events - Current events
@ -5,6 +9,8 @@
- About Wikipedia - About Wikipedia
- Contact us - Contact us
Contribute
- Help - Help
- Learn to edit - Learn to edit
- Community portal - Community portal
@ -22,6 +28,9 @@
- Log in - Log in
- Create account - Create account
- Log in - Log in
Pages for logged out editors
- Contributions - Contributions
- Talk - Talk
@ -193,9 +202,17 @@
- Read - Read
- View source - View source
- View history - View history
Tools
Actions
- Read - Read
- View source - View source
- View history - View history
General
- What links here - What links here
- Related changes - Related changes
- Upload file - Upload file
@ -206,13 +223,29 @@
- Get shortened URL - Get shortened URL
- Download QR code - Download QR code
- Wikidata item - Wikidata item
Print/export
- Download as PDF - Download as PDF
- Printable version - Printable version
In other projects
- Wikimedia Commons - Wikimedia Commons
- Wikiquote - Wikiquote
Appearance
<!-- image --> <!-- image -->
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Common name for many species of bird
This article is about the bird. For duck as a food, see . For other uses, see .
"Duckling" redirects here. For other uses, see .
| Duck | Duck | | Duck | Duck |
|--------------------------------|--------------------------------| |--------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| | | | | |
@ -482,10 +515,16 @@ The 1992 Disney film The Mighty Ducks, starring Emilio Estevez, chose the duck a
<!-- image --> <!-- image -->
Retrieved from ""
:
- Ducks - Ducks
- Game birds - Game birds
- Bird common names - Bird common names
Hidden categories:
- All accuracy disputes - All accuracy disputes
- Accuracy disputes from February 2020 - Accuracy disputes from February 2020
- CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi) - CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)

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<html>
<head>
<title>Sample HTML File</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>This is a div with text.</div>
<div>This is another div with text.</div>
<p>This is a regular paragraph.</p>
<div>This is a third div<br/>with a new line.</div>
<div><p>This is a fourth div with a <b>bold</b> paragraph.</p></div>
</body>
</html>