# PostgreSQL Database Installation

This section entails the installation and configuration of a local PostgreSQL database. If you already have a PostgreSQL database service in place, skip to [the next section](2-redis.md).

!!! warning "PostgreSQL 14 or later required"
    NetBox requires PostgreSQL 14 or later. Please note that MySQL and other relational databases are **not** supported.

## Installation

```no-highlight
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y postgresql
```

Before continuing, verify that you have installed PostgreSQL 14 or later:

```no-highlight
psql -V
```

## Database Creation

At a minimum, we need to create a database for NetBox and assign it a username and password for authentication. Start by invoking the PostgreSQL shell as the system Postgres user.

```no-highlight
sudo -u postgres psql
```

Within the shell, enter the following commands to create the database and user (role), substituting your own value for the password:

```postgresql
CREATE DATABASE netbox;
CREATE USER netbox WITH PASSWORD 'J5brHrAXFLQSif0K';
ALTER DATABASE netbox OWNER TO netbox;
-- the next two commands are needed on PostgreSQL 15 and later
\connect netbox;
GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO netbox;
```

!!! danger "Use a strong password"
    **Do not use the password from the example.** Choose a strong, random password to ensure secure database authentication for your NetBox installation.

!!! danger "Use UTF8 encoding"
    Make sure that your database uses `UTF8` encoding (the default for new installations). Especially do not use `SQL_ASCII` encoding, as it can lead to unpredictable and unrecoverable errors. Enter `\l` to check your encoding.

Once complete, enter `\q` to exit the PostgreSQL shell.

## Verify Service Status

You can verify that authentication works by executing the `psql` command and passing the configured username and password. (Replace `localhost` with your database server if using a remote database.)

```no-highlight
$ psql --username netbox --password --host localhost netbox
Password for user netbox: 
psql (12.5 (Ubuntu 12.5-0ubuntu0.20.04.1))
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, bits: 256, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

netbox=> \conninfo
You are connected to database "netbox" as user "netbox" on host "localhost" (address "127.0.0.1") at port "5432".
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, bits: 256, compression: off)
netbox=> \q
```

If successful, you will enter a `netbox` prompt. Type `\conninfo` to confirm your connection, or type `\q` to exit.